Carbureter.



S. WOOLF & F. E. HALE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 19:5.

00 1 OJ 1 l H 11 2M 4 V 0m N E 0W W n 6 l nu D Lwsms S. WOOLF & F. E HALE. CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, I915. 1 205 693 Patented Nov 21, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 E1) STATES PArENr SIDNEY WOOLF, OF LYNCH, AND FRED E. HALE, OF SOUTH QMAHA, NEBRASKA,"

ASSIGNORSsTO HENRY R. GERING, 0]? OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

cARBuRETEn.

Application filed February 13, 1915. Serial No. 8,046.

To all whom it may concern v Be it known that We, SIDNEY WOOLF and, F RED E, HALE, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Lynch, in the countyof Boyd, and at South Omaha, 1n the county of Douglas, both in the State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the general class of internal combustion engines, and more particularly to charge-forming devices or carbureters for. use in connection with engines of this class.

It is the object of our invention to provide in 'a carbureter means by which tWo liquid fuels such as gasolene and kerosene maybe used interchangeably for the production of the combustible mixture, means for distributing -the fuel to a plurality of points from .which it'may be taken up and drawn to the engine together with a suitable quantity of air, means for thoroughly disintegrating or atomizing and mixing the fuel with the air during the assage thereof toward the engine so that t e fuel will be thoroughly vaporized before entering the engine, means for preheating the air 'supplied to the distributing and mixing devices. means for supplying suitable quantities of water-vapor along with the pro-heated air,

. means for pre-heating the heavier fuel and for maintaining a supply of the pre-heated fuel in immediate proximity to the distributing and mixing devices, means for throttling or controlling the How of the combustible mixture from the'carbureter to the engine, means actuated synchronously with the throttle for varying the fuel .supply according to the quantity of combustible mixture produced, means also actuated I synchronously'with the throttle for retardmg or'varying the resistance to the lieu? of material through the mixing devices so as to control the rate of flow through the same,- means for automaticallysupplying a priming-charge of fuel for starting the engine, means for temporarily restricting the supply of air to the distributing and mixing devices when it is desired to form a richer 4 mixture as in starting the engine, and various other specific structures and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described in detail.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 21, 1am.

A structure embodying our inventionflis illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which 7 Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sec-' tional view of the carburetor, together with a side View, partially sectional, of the heater for supplying heated air, fueland water-vaporto the carbureter proper, Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view' of the carbureter, Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on'the plane of the line w-'-m of Fig.1, showing the throttle from below, Fig. 4 is a detail sectional'view on the plane of the line y-y of Fig. 1, showing the dis tributer and fuel-controller from above,

Fig. 5 is a detail bottom View of the distributer as seen when the casing is separated on the plane of the line z-2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is a side view of the carbureter, showing the controlling connections thereof, and Fig; 7 1s a detail vertical section on the plane of showing the feed the line 00 of Fig. 4, port for the priming-cup.

In the'illustrated structure we provide an integral main casing comprising an annula'r central portion 1 and cylindricalcups 2 and 3 d1sp0sed on opposite sides thereof.

Covers 4 and 5 are provided for the cups,

which form fuel-chambers 6 and 7 for containing, respectively, the lighter or more volatile liquid fuel and theheavier fuel. In the bottoms of the cups are removable valve-seats 8 and 9 which extend down into screen-chambers l0 and 11 formed within] the caps 12 and 13 secured on the bottoms of the cups. The lighter fuel is supplied through a pipe 14 to the chamber 10, and the heavier fuel is supplied through a pipe 15 to the chamber 11. 16 are disposed in the chambers 10 and -11 surrounding the valve-seats 8 and 9, so as to strain the fuel and exclude from the valves all except very minute particlesof solid matter. It will be noted that the screens r l are of large area so as not to become clogged and require cleaning except after longcontinued use. .The openings through the valve-seats 8 and 9 are controlled by needlevalves 17 and 18, the valves being actuated by floats 19 and 20 'so as to maintain a constant level of the bers 6 and 7.

In the casing between the cupsQ. and 3 and the central portion 1 are transverse Cylindrical screens liquid fuels in the'chani from the fuel-chambers to the distributer.

longitudinal movements of the same the valves may be operated simultaneously to open one and close the other of the passages The distributer comprises a verticallyperforate base-p0rtion27' disposed within the casing-portion 1 and having horizontal passages communicating with the valve-controlled passages to the fuel-chambers, and a tubular portion 28 which extends up from the base-portion into a chamber 29 formed within a casing-member 30 which is secured on top of the casing-portion 1. As shown in Figsrl and 5, the part 27 has a central hub which forms a bearing for the shaft or rod 35. Connected with this hub by radial arms is an annular portion which is of the same diameter as the tubular part 28, and extending outward from said annular portion are other radial arms of which the ends rest on a ledge or inwardly extending flange on the casing. Air passes between both the inner and outer radial arms. In two of the outer radial arms are horizontal passages, which connect with the respective passages from the valves 21 and 22, and which at their inner ends extend up to the bottom of the tubular part 28. At the bottom of the tubular portion 281% an annular passage 31 communicating with both the passages extending through the base-portion 27 to the fuel-chambers. In each of the two opposite quadrants of the tubular member 28 are a plurality of vertical passages 32 each connecting at the lower end with the annular passage 31, and at the upper end through a very small opening with a transverse passage or port 33. The passages 33 extend radially through the upper part of the member 28 at a level slightly above the fuellevel in the chambers 6 and 7, and the ends of said passages may be closed or opened by means of the fuel-controller 34:."The fuel-controller is a revoluble body having a central hub connecting two oppositelydisposed sector-shaped pieces of which the outer parts rest on the upper end of the member 28, and of which each has an inner and an outer flange extending downwardly over the sides of the member past the ends of the passages 33,. The hub-portion of the fuel-controller is secured to a vertical rod which is journaled at the lower end in the central portion of the base 27. Beneath the latter a gear-segment 36 is secured to the rod, and said segment meshes with a similar segment 37 secured on a Small Shaft or rod 38 which is revolubly mounted in a'vertical position at one side of the casing, as clearly shown in F ig. 2. On the upper end of the thereof cover all of the passages 33, and as it is rotated the passages are successively uncovered until at the other extreme of movement all of the fuel-ports are open.

At one side of the distributer there is an additional vertical passage 10 communicat ing at the bottom with the annular passage 31, and at its upper end having a lateral outlet through a small port 41 at a level slightly below the normal fuelievel in the chambers 6 and 7. When the controller is in closed position the port 41 is openand allows a small quantity of the liquid fuel to flow out into the annular priming-cup 42 which encircles the body 28, as shown, and of which the upper edge is slightly above the fuellevel. At one side the outer flange of the controller is extended down into the priming-cup far enough to cover and to close the end of the port 41 when the controller is moved from the closed toward the open position thereof, thus preventing the filling of the priming-cup when the controller is in open or intermediate position, and permitting the filling of the priming-cup when the controller is in closed position.

Above the distribut'er-ch amber 29 the cas ing-member 30 has a contracted or necked portion, above which it extends out again to the normal diameter, and at the upper end has secured to it the cylindrical casingmember 43 which incloses the mixing-chamber H. The upper end of the casing-member 43 is internally threaded, and into the same is screwed the lower portion of the flanged coupling 45. Set-screws 46 are provided for holding the coupling in any position to which it may be turned, so that when the flanges at the upper end thereof are connected with the intake-manifold pipe of an engine the body of the carbureter may extend longitudinally at any angle thereto. In the lower part of the coupling is the throttle-seat 47 which has sector-shaped openings through it, and beneath the seat is the throttle 48 which is secured on the upper end of the rod 85 so as to be rotated simultaneously with the fuel-controller, the parts-being so arranged that the closed positions of the throttle and of the controller are coincident.

In the mixing-chamber 44c beneath the throttle are disposed a plurality of horizontal screens as, made of wire fabric, the same being held in spaced relation by tubular sleeves 50 fitting within the casing-member -13, as shown. Below the lower screen and dotted lines in Fig. 1.

resting on an internal flange at the bottom of the member 43 is an annular deflectingplate 51 of which the inner portion adjacent to the central opening is curved upwardly as shown. In the space below the deflectingplate 51 is disposed a deflecting-valve comprising an inverted conoid body 52-which fits slidably around the vertical rod 35, and of which the upper peripheralportion rests against the necked portion of the casingmember 30 when the valve is in its lowermost position. The deflecting-valve may be moved up to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, by means of an arm 53 which enters a notch in one side of the lower part of the valve-body. Said arm 53, is secured to a small shaft '54 which extends transversely through a lug at one side of the casing-member, and to the outer end of said shaft is secured an arm or crank 55 which is connected by a rod 56 with a 'lever 57 'fulcrumed on the casing as shown in Fig. 6. To said lever there is also connected a rod 58 extending to the crank 39 on the shaft 38 which actuates the fuel-controller and throttle, and the parts are so connected that when the throttle and fuel-controller are in closed position the deflecting-valve will be in the closed position shown in Fig. 1, while when the throttle and controller are in full open position the deflecting-valve will be in the raised position indicated by The lever 57 is actuated by a rod C or other suitable means extending to the point from which it is desired to control the action of the carbureter.

All the air supplied to the carbureter is drawn through a device for pre-heating the same to a desirable temperature. In the structure shown the heating device comprises a cylindrical casing 59 disposed around an inclined portion of the engine exhaust-pipe E, the openings for the pipe through the ends of the casing being serrated, as shown, to provide inlets for cold air. From the'upper part of the heatercasing a pipe 60 extends to the carbureter, said pipe connecting with a jacket 61 surrounding the fuel-chamber 7. The fuel-pipe 15 through which oil. is supplied to the 4 chamber 7 is also passed through the heater and is carried down through the air-pipe 60 to connect with the cap inclosing the screenchamber 11, said cap also being inclosed by the jacket 61, so that the pre-heated fuel has no opportunity to become cooled before entering the distributing and mixing devices.

A check-valve 62 is provided, as shown, for W vertical perforations in the base-portion of the distributer. The air-chamber 64 connects with the space inside the jacket 61, the opening between the same being controlled by a slide-plate or damper 65, by which the supply of air may be restricted in orderto form a richer mixture when starting the nished in appropriate quantities and is mingled with the combustible mixture supplied to the engine. The supply of watervapor is essential for successful operation of an engine when kerosene or the like is used as a fuel, and may be advantageously employed with lighter fuels such as gasolene."

In general the operation of the described mechanism will be obvious. It may be noted,

however, that the control of the carbureter is positive throughout, there being no springs or spring-controlled valves employed in it, and all controls being so correlated that a minimum of adjustment is necessary to secure the greatest efficiency under all conditions of operation. Ordinarily, the principal use of the more volatile fuel is for starting the engine, or for running the same at very low speeds, as under average operating conditions the heavier fuel can be used more economically. It is advisable, however, after running on the heavier fuel, to reverse the-positions of the valves 21 and 22 before stopping the engine, in order that the priming-cup 42 may be filled with the lighter fuel when the controller is moved to closed position. The cotirdinated action of the throttle, fuel;controllerand deflecting' valve insures a uniform mixture at all times, the supply of fuel being automatically proportioned to the volume of air passing through the'distributing and mixing chambers, while the deflecting-valve causes the charge to pass into the mixing-chamber with uniform velocity regardless of the extent of opening of the throttle. throttle is wide open the area of the passage around the deflecting-valve is'greatest, and said area is reduced proportionally to the closure of the throttle, resulting in the rate of flow of the charge past the valve being equalized for all positions of the throttle. The air and fuel in passing through the tortuous passage'a-round the deflecting-valve, through the deflecting-plate 51, and through the screens in the mixing-chamber, are thor- Thus, when the carbureters wherein the fuel is admitted through a single jet.

Now, having described our invention, what We claim and desire to secure byLet ters Patent is:

1.. In a carbureter, a vertically-disposed tubular distributer-body having a plurality of transverse passages extending radially through the sides thereof, means for supplying liquid fuel to said passages, a casing inclosing the distributer-body and adapted to direct an air-current through and around the distributer-body past both ends of the transverse passages, and a rotary controller adapted to serially close and open said ends of the passages.

2. In carbureter, a casinginclosing a distributer-chamber and a mixing chamber in superposed relation and having a constricted neck-portion between said chambers, variable fuel-supplying means disposed in the distributor-chamber, stationary chargecomminuting means disposed in the mixing chamber, a movable deflector disposed in the constricted neck-portionand adapted to vary the sectional area of the passage through the same, a throttle controlling an outlet from the mixing-chamber, and means connecting the throttle, the movable deflector and the variable fuel-supplying means, whereby ad justments thereof are automatically cotirdihated.

3. In a carbureter, a casing having therein an air chamber, a distributer-chamber and a troller simultaneously so that the number of fuel-passages opened by the controller is proportional to the extent of opening of the throttle.

4. The combination in a carbureter, of a casing having two fuel-chambers therein, a

multiple-opening fuel-distributer, means for interchangeably connecting the fuel-chambers with said distributer, a movable controller for serially opening and closing the fuel-openings of the distributer, means for supplying preheated air and for directing the same past the distributer fuel-openings, means for pre-heating the fuel supply for oneof the fuel-chambers, means for heating said fuel-chamber, and means for supplying prising a vertical tubular member having a plurality of radial passages therein, means for supplying liquid fuel to said passages, a casing inclosing said distributor and arranged in spaced concentric relation thereto, the casing being adapted to direct air through and around the tubular member past both ends of the radial passages therein, means for controlling the flow of air through the casing, and means for serially covering the ends of the radial passages in the tubular member.

7. In a carbureter, a fuel-distributer comprising a tubular member having a plurality control the openings of the ports, including the port for supplying the priming-cup.

8 In a carbureter, a casing having superposed chambers therein, fuel distributing means disposed in the lower chamber,

. charge-mixing means disposed in the upper chamber, deflecting means forming a tortuous passage connecting said chambers, means controlling the deflecting means to vary the sectional area-of the tortuous passage, and means for controlling the flow of air through the casing, said means connected with and movable coincidently with the means controlling the deflecting means.

9. In a carbureter, a casing, means connected therewith for supplying thereto preheated fuel and air together With watervapor, means for distributing the fuel to bring the same in contact with the air passing through the casing, means controlling the flow of air through the casing, chargecomminuting means through which the air and fuel are drawn from the distributing means, a stationary and a movable deflecting device disposed between the distributing subscribed our names in the presence of two means and fihe ehai'ge-eemminutin meene. witnesses. and means mum-oiling the movable deflecting device to airy the sectional area of the opening past the same and thereby control SIDNEY WOOLF. FRED E. HALE.

file 1 flew of the charge in passing to i Witnesses: uhe eomnnnutlng means. Dr. ROBERT NICHOLAS;

in testimony whereof We have hereunto O. J. TAYLOR. 

